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Dr. Logan stressed that although EIA-infected equids do not spread the disease through close contact, biting flies can mechanically carry viral-laden blood from one animal to another. EIA does not affect humans or animals other than equids, she explained. "Owners may call the TAHC headquarters or their TAHC area office, to request assistance with this regulation," said Dr. Logan. "A TAHC representative will first ensure that the complainant's animals have up-to-date EIA test documents. Then, TAHC staff will canvass neighboring premises to gain compliance with the testing requirements." Dr. Logan said the TAHC has worked to control EIA for many years and Texas has had a dramatic decline in the viral infection since l997, when more than 730 equids tested positive in Texas. Of the 250,000 equids tested in Texas in 2001, only 124 were infected, a drop which Dr. Logan credits to owner concern, more stringent testing requirements and a growing awareness of EIA. Current TAHC regulations require equids to be test-negative for EIA within the previous 12 months, if they are hauled to assemblies, such as fairs, shows, exhibitions, rodeos or trail rides. The 12-month EIA test rule also applies to equidae undergoing a change of ownership or entering the state. EIA-positive equine are permanently identified with a "74A" on their left shoulder and must either be euthanized, sold to slaughter or provided to an approved research facility, or remain quarantined for life, at least 200 yards from other equidae.
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